The Ethereum Basis has printed a step-by-step plan to let Ethereum’s primary chain validate blocks utilizing zkEVM proofs, lowering the necessity for validators to re-run each computation themselves. The proposal, shared by way of X on Jan. 15 by Tomasz Ok. Stańczak, Co-Government Director on the Ethereum Basis, lays out the engineering work wanted throughout Ethereum’s execution and consensus purchasers, plus new proving infrastructure and safety processes.
zkEVM on L1 – the planhttps://t.co/KLz7PoH6q9
— Tomasz Ok. Stańczak (@tkstanczak) January 15, 2026
Ethereum L1 Strikes Towards zk Proof-Based mostly Validation
Already in July final 12 months, the Ethereum Basis introduced its “zk-first” strategy. At this time, Ethereum’s validators usually test a block by re-executing the transactions and evaluating outcomes. The plan proposes an alternate: validators may confirm a cryptographic proof that the block’s execution was appropriate.
The doc summarizes the supposed pipeline in plain phrases: an execution consumer produces a compact “witness” package deal for a block, a standardized zkEVM program makes use of that package deal to generate a proof of appropriate execution, and consensus purchasers confirm that proof throughout block validation.
The primary milestone is creating an “ExecutionWitness,” a per-block knowledge construction containing the knowledge wanted to validate execution with out re-running it. The plan requires a proper witness format in Ethereum’s execution specs, conformance exams, and a standardized RPC endpoint. It notes that the present debug_executionWitness endpoint is already “being utilized in manufacturing by Optimism’s Kona,” whereas suggesting a extra zk-friendly endpoint could also be wanted.
A key dependency is including higher monitoring of which components of state a block touches, by way of Block Stage Entry Lists (BALs). The doc says that as of November 2025, this work was not handled as pressing sufficient to be backported to earlier forks.
The following milestone is a “zkEVM visitor program,” described as stateless validation logic that checks whether or not a block produces a sound state transition when mixed with its witness. The plan emphasizes reproducible builds and compiling to standardized targets so assumptions are specific and verifiable.
Past Ethereum-specific code, the plan goals to standardize the interface between zkVMs and the visitor program: widespread targets, widespread methods to entry precompiles and I/O, and agreed assumptions about how packages are loaded and executed.
On the consensus facet, the roadmap requires modifications so consensus purchasers can settle for zk proofs as a part of beacon block validation, with accompanying specs, take a look at vectors, and an inner rollout plan. The doc additionally flags execution payload availability as essential, together with an strategy that might contain “placing the block in blobs.”
The proposal treats proof technology as an operational drawback as a lot as a protocol one. It contains milestones to combine zkVMs into EF tooling resembling Ethproofs and Ere, take a look at GPU setups (together with “zkboost”), and observe reliability and bottlenecks.
Benchmarking is framed as ongoing work, with specific targets like measuring witness technology time, proof creation and verification time, and the community affect of proof propagation. These measurements may feed into future fuel repricing proposals for zk-heavy workloads.
Safety can also be marked as perpetual, with plans for formal specs, monitoring, supply-chain controls like reproducible builds and artifact signing, and a documented belief and risk mannequin. The doc proposes a “go/no-go framework” for deciding when proof methods are mature sufficient for broader use.
One exterior dependency stands out: ePBS, which the doc describes as essential to offer provers extra time. With out it, the plan says the prover has “1–2 seconds” to create a proof; with it, “6–9 seconds.” The doc provides a two-sentence framing that captures the urgency: “This isn’t a mission that we’re engaged on. Nonetheless, it’s an optimization that we’d like.” It expects ePBS to be deployed in “Glamsterdam,” focused for mid-2026.
If these milestones land, Ethereum can be shifting towards proof-based validation as a sensible choice on L1, whereas the timing and operational complexity of proving stay the gating elements.
At press time, ETH traded at $3,300.
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